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The best way to increase the productivity of memorization is semantic processing of the material. But in poetry, it can play a bad joke. Therefore, it is necessary to combine this method with rhythmic organization and visual memory.�
For example, you read a poem and imagine all the events described as you read (or the meanings, if it is, for example, an avant-garde thread, or paradoxes, if it is, for example, an absurdist rhyme), then try to combine it all into a single whole. Representation images should be moderately abstract (schemas). If it works, you get high from the rhythm at the same time.
Then, read again, remembering the presented images, linking them mentally with the first words in the stanza (if you remember the first word, the rest is much easier to remember). It is advisable to clearly maintain the rhythm of the poem, if possible. If it doesn't work out very well, then you need to specifically read it again, but with a very big emphasis on the rhythm (you can beat the rhythm with your palm on the table, for example).
Next , try to combine all the points by reading line by line and trying to immediately remember the next line without looking at the text. The number of reads depends on the success of playback. A general picture, general logic will allow you to recall the sequence of events in the poem, and the mental connection of the visual image with the first word of the stanza will allow you to accurately recall the text.
There is also a good option that has saved me more than once. You just need to find an audio recording with this poem and put it on repeat while you are doing your own business, and if it is set to music even better, after 3-5 round-robin auditions you will start singing along, and you will learn the whole poem. I learned the biggest poems at school in 1-2 hours. You can also just go to the blackboard with the same audio recording and headphones (or wherever it is necessary) and just repeat after the speaker.