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There is a phrase in Augustine's Confessions: “You have commanded, and you have commanded — that every disordered soul should bear its own punishment” (Chapter XII). The thesis echoes the meaning of Zheglov's remark, but is based on a fundamentally different doctrine. Augustine writes about punishment, not human or social, but spiritual. The atheist and materialist Zheglov, speaking of punishment, means human punishment. �
By the way, in the novel his remark “There is no punishment without guilt!”causes Sharapov to protest. “I didn't like this reasoning, I had the feeling that he was trying to turn everything inside out, turn everything upside down.” Zheglov actually “reverses” the classical legal principle “Nullum crimen sine poena, nulla poena sine lege, nullum crimen sine poena legali — -” there is no crime without punishment, there is no punishment without law, there is no crime without legal punishment ” – making the punishment itself evidence that a person has committed a crime, and thereby justifying virtually any arbitrariness committed against a person.