What is dialectics, how it works, where it is used, what it is based on, and why it is needed (Hegelian and Socratic). And how to teach it?

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  1. To understand Hegel's dialectic, you will need to read and understand the Science of Logic. How to learn it – you need to know that the science of logic is an attempt to create the best version of the French Encyclopedia for scientific facts and theories. Unlike the French encyclopedia of the Enlightenment, which consists of a list of concepts, Georg Hegel wanted to make a scientific almanac that consists of categories. He considered the process of transition from one concept to another and quick orientation by categories and concepts to be the dialectic of logic. Hegel suggested that this method of bypassing human concepts is much more effective than a list or creating a hierarchy of concepts. For example, have you ever seen the meaning of a word on Wikipedia, and you start to open all the incomprehensible words in the article without a problem, and when you come to your senses , you have 150 tabs open that are far from the essence of what you were looking for? Here Georg Hegel, with the help of a certain system of reflections( thesis-antithesis-synthesis, removal, alienization, etc.), offers you an alternative method of navigating the treasury of human knowledge, more orderly but requiring some mental effort. How it is applied – at the moment there are several very interesting things, for example, semiotics(the science of signs that are hidden behind the text, it is very useful for literary criticism and search engines), a very convenient thing is TRIZ(a certain 'pattern' that allows you to methodologize the development process.

  2. Dialectics doesn't need to be taught, it needs to be understood. As already mentioned, there are components, but in fact there are 3 of them; categories, principles and laws.�

    • Categories — they can be abstract or generalized in nature, which is often a sin for people. Here is a list of them: essence, phenomenon, singularity, randomness, necessity, and freedom. To get to the specifics, you need a thesis + antithesis from which we get a synthesis. Sometimes synthesis + antithesis = thesis. A new thesis, continues the synthesis. This can continue until someone gets bored / you don't come to the denominator / don't use sophistry to replace the transition / eclecticism to fix the essence and create a concept. �
    • Principles are subjective and objective. The first is based on internal theoretical consistency in the key of empiricism and determinism. The second is based on external generated data that is available or that can be checked in the key: topologies and axioms.
    • Laws-form the basis on the basis of: the unity and struggle of opposites, the transition of quantity to quality, and the negation of negation. In the first option, the productive benefits of the dialog should be extracted. In the second case, you can switch from general to specific. In the third case, the interchangeability of paradigms occurs.�

      P. s: If something is not clear, you can ask clarifying questions or correct assumptions.

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