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Painting in the course of the XVIII century has passed its way of development. Already in the first half of the century, new genres appeared: historical composition, depiction of battles, portrait, still life, miniature. Monumental and decorative painting is widely used. In easel painting, artists begin to work on canvas with oil paints. The most important artists of the first half of the XVIII century – Nikitin and Matveev.
In the second half of the XVIII century, the historical genre in painting flourished, because it was he who could capture the heroic events of the past and present. M. V. Lomonosov achieved depth and monumentality in the Battle of Poltava mosaic, which outlined a new path for Russian monumental painting.
Portrait painting is particularly successful. Artists Rokotov, Levitsky, Borovikovsky and others created a brilliant portrait gallery of contemporaries, sang the beauty and nobility of man.
Landscape painting becomes an independent genre, which reflects the lofty ideals of classicism.