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What makes you think that languages are not forgotten? If you damage the left hemisphere in the areas responsible for language (Broca's and Wernicke's zones) by disrupting nerve connections, you can forget the languages. Generally speaking, a person may even forget how to breathe if the brain stem is damaged properly.
Any memory loss is a consequence of brain damage, and our brain is quite large, and there are many departments in it, and each department is responsible only for a certain set of functions. Our memory is also different – the chains of events in our lives, conceptual structures and speech patterns are localized in different parts of the cortex. Thus, damage to different parts of the brain affects only those functions for which these areas are responsible. With the same success, a person, when the speech centers are damaged, loses the ability to speak or understand speech, but leaves the memory of the past and the ability to remember new information.
Any memory loss is a consequence of brain damage, and our brain is quite large, and there are many departments in it, and each department is responsible only for a certain set of functions. Our memory is also different – the chains of events in our lives, conceptual structures and speech patterns are localized in different parts of the cortex. Thus, damage to different parts of the brain affects only those functions for which these areas are responsible. With the same success, a person, when the speech centers are damaged, loses the ability to speak or understand speech, but leaves the memory of the past and the ability to remember new information.
Back in the late 19th century, the French psychologist Theodule Ribot formulated a law according to which, with aging and organic brain damage, memory loss occurs in a sequence that is inverse to the accumulation of information in the course of life. So such a basic thing as language, with brain damage that is not related to a specific localization, should suffer last.
Unfortunately, not all people who lose their memory retain the ability to speak. For example, in the case of localized amnesia, when the speech cortex is affected by trauma or other effects, aphasia occurs – a systemic speech disorder in a person who previously owned it. In this case, a person may “forget” how to speak, write, or understand speech by ear.
People with Alzheimer's disease forget not only the events of their lives, but also, for example, the names of objects.