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Both esotericists and scientists are now trying to prove that there is a soul (weighing a person before death and after), there are many theories. But about reincarnation-I can't judge. Although they say that when transplanting organs, the character of a person changes, even the reflexes of the “owner” of the transplanted organ begin to work.
Buddhism denies the existence of an unchanging soul (anatman). In Buddhism, consciousness is represented as a stream of instantaneous phenomena — dharmas. Therefore, in Buddhism, each person is multiple in its own way, because at each moment it consists of many dharmas. Personality at this moment is not equal to that of a moment ago, because some of the dharmas that made up the stream of consciousness have disappeared, while others have appeared.
Buddhism does not contradict the scientific method. If it is experimentally established that the change in human behavior occurred due to a congenital or lifetime brain injury, this description of the gross levels of the mind is quite consistent with the Buddhist tradition. But since the basis of consciousness in Buddhism is described as immaterial, scientific methods of studying matter are not applicable to the description of this subtle mind. Only a person who has reached the level of perception of the subtle mind, that is, a Buddha, can draw any conclusions about the flows of the subtle mind. And an ordinary person can only assume, for example, that the subtle non-material mind as the basis of the mind in the body is always one, and the gross material levels of the mind, depending on the brain, can manifest as independent flows if the brain is injured.