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It's the same as the difference between hard and software on your computer.
Difficulties arise because of what has become fashionable to call qualia: how does the subjective experience of color and sound arise?… Example: blind people. With some lesions of the occipital part of the head, a person loses the ability to see, but at the same time retains the ability to respond to visual stimuli. It is surprising that such a person can avoid obstacles, but at the same time will not be able to describe the location of objects in the room.
Along with some agnosia, such as cortical achromatopsia, these people are a living example of “philosophical zombies”: an imaginary creature that completely reproduces human behavior, but which is “dark inside”.
Why, then, do human mental processes “not run in the dark,” as Chalmers asks?
I think that the answer should be found in the following.
In other words, being conscious means constantly changing your thoughts. After all, most of the time we just react, especially without thinking. What Kahneman called “fast” system 1 in the psyche works.
This is consistent with the experiments of Libet, who found that awareness is always “late”: we are just observers of our own actions.