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In chemistry, thermodynamics, and physical chemistry, entropy is an expression of the degree of disorder.
By definition, entropy is a quantity proportional to the number of microstates that can be used to express a given macrostate.
Let me explain with an example. Let's imagine 4 cells; the cell is either with a dot or empty. Possible macrostates: 0 points, 1 point, 2 points, 3 points, 4 points. The number of microstates is easy to calculate. For 0 points – 1; for 1 point-4; for 2 points-6; for 3 points-4; for 4 points-1. (Draw 4 cells and put points in them).
Similarly, if we consider the change of a logical unit to a logical zero, we can use the concept of entropy.
In thermodynamics, one usually operates not with the entropy value, but with its change. The product of the entropy change by the thermodynamic temperature (in Kelvins) is the energy characteristic of the entropy change. From this it is easy to deduce the entropy dimension – J/K.
The value in which the change is measured To calculate the entropy value, the formula S=k*ln(n) is proposed, where k is the Boltzmann constant, and n is the number of microstates that implement the macrostate.
In practice, it is the change in entropy that makes it possible for endothermic reactions to occur, ensures the diffusion and expansion of gas into a free volume, the dissolution of salts, and (partially) heating of computing chips.