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  1. Freud had a term for the unconscious. It is neither a superindividual entity nor a stimulus. I will try to briefly state the essence.

    Freud, along with Marx and Nietzsche, is considered one of the three masters of doubt, as the French philosopher Paul Ricoeur called them. Marx dispelled the myth of the economic nature of society and man. Nietzsche dispelled the myth of both morality and the will. Freud also showed that we have something else in our “head” besides ourselves.

    In the theory of psychoanalysis, there are three instances of human perception of the world: I (conscious), It (unconscious) and Superego (conscience). Oddly enough, it is born earlier than I am. The child is born completely unconscious and subject to the pleasure principle. Until the age of three, the child does not separate himself from the world and from others. Look at when a child begins to recognize himself in the mirror or lie. These processes are nothing more than an indicator of mental development, because he understands that his reality is different from others.

    Being born unconscious, the child is completely subordinated to the pleasure principle. He and others must constantly meet his needs. But here we face a problem. It is impossible to constantly meet the needs. As a result, the child's first encounter with reality occurs when he realizes that he cannot constantly possess the mother's breast. Replacing the pleasure principle with the reality principle (i.e., controlling one's needs) leads to the first traumas. Trauma is the process of experiencing difficulties. This process is necessary, because it is through it that we learn to live in society and according to the laws of society. We don't pee in the street, have sex, or engage in incest.

    However, this is the problem. If you overdo it with reality, the trauma will be too severe and the phantom pain will return to the Self, to consciousness. When we force ourselves into unnecessary frames, tighten the nuts, it can break the thread. Hence, rebellious children have overly demanding parents, devils are found in a quiet pool, etc.

    A person is focused on getting pleasure. This is our need and if you limit them too much, it can disrupt the thread. Hence neuroses, psychoses and various perversions.

    Neuroses and psychoses are just the result of trauma or the release of the unconscious to the surface of consciousness. Many of us may have wondered: Why do I like this particular thing? Why do I do this all the time?.

    Coming to the main question. When Freud said that we meet people who are already in our subconscious, he was referring to these traumas, complexes, and neuroses. When faced with reality, we overcome it, but there is still a trauma, a notch or even an understatement. These things result in some perverse ideas about the beautiful. Imagine: you have an ideal or favorite subject, and suddenly you learn something unpleasant about it. For example, you love the author, and then he speaks out for or against the Crimea. It is pleasant to read, but there is still a sediment. The same thing happens with our subtle consciousness. Just as in modern Rome, the old is visible through the new buildings, so the unconscious seeps through the consciousness and sometimes we can not have fun in a different way, simply because it has been traumatized.

    The unconscious does not rule over the Self, over us, but it is like a bone that has grown together incorrectly. It hurts and makes itself felt. We have initially a project of what we want, plus we have our own feelings and ideas, and we have the result of the struggle of I and It, which came out in one form or another.

    The Oedipus complex is often used in reference to Freud. A situation where a boy is jealous of his mother for his father, but can't do anything about it. As a result young people often look for girls and wives similar to their mothers

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