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First, technically speaking, a day is a revolution of the earth around its axis. And the earth was created IN the BEGINNING, in the very first verse of the Bible. However, it may have been a “different” earth (matter in general). But, in any case, the ancient people could assume that the day is connected with the earth, and not with the sky.
Secondly, most likely, the Bible does not “count” days, but defines them. A day is a” period ” of creation (God says that everything He has said comes into being).
The Apostle Peter says: One thing must not be hidden from you, beloved, that with the Lord one day is like a thousand years, and a thousand years like one day (2 Peter 3: 8).
Peter says these words, probably linking them to Psalm 89:
“The prayer of Moses the man of God.
O Lord, you have been our refuge throughout all generations. Before even the mountains did not exist and the earth and the universe were created, and from everlasting to everlasting You are. Turn not man away into humility, and thou didst say, Be converted, O sons of mankind. Like a thousand years in thy sight, O Lord, like the day of yesterday that passed by, and the watch of the night (Ps. 89,1-5)
This is also said to prove the eternity of God. A thousand years are as short in Your eyes as a single day is in our eyes, and it has already passed. For the past day seems shorter than the present. And again, a thousand years before You is as short a time as the fourth part of the night is for us, which part You called the night watch. For it is customary for those who perform the watch alternately in the army to divide the night into four parts, and each part is called a watch. Having first compared a thousand years with a single day, and moreover with a day that has passed, he also adds a much shorter time, namely, the fourth part of the night. For the night always seems to pass away rather than the day, because of the unconscious state of the sleepers, because of the darkness and the calmness of their labors. God does not count the millennium in the same way as we do the past day or the fourth part of the night, because the years themselves always pass, and God is unchangeable and eternal. (Euthymius Zigaben)
Thus, at the creation of the world, shestiesnev should be understood in the same way. How we perceive one day, and already past, or as a quarter of a night, and a thousand years in the sight of God. Moreover, a thousand years should not be taken literally as a number, this is a figurative expression that characterizes a large number of years in Scripture. So the days of the creation of the world are days in the sight of God: one day is like a thousand years, and a thousand years is like one day.
If you were wondering this, why didn't you want to read the beginning of Genesis? It says:
And God said, Let there be light. And there was light. (1:3)
And God saw the light that it was good, and God separated the light from the darkness. (1:4)
And God called the light day, and the darkness night. And there was evening and there was morning: one day. (1:5)
UPD.: The wording of the question has been changed!
I read all such questions, and even more so the answers, and come to the conclusion that religion has a viral pathogenic etiology. This is what a kink in the brain you need to have to seriously think about this gibberish…
It's very simple – by the day, because you don't need any luminaries to count the time.
Yom in Hebrew is a day that started at 18:00 and was divided into two parts: night and day.
For this reason, the expression: and there was evening and there was morning on such and such a day, does not imply the obligatory sunrise and sunset … as for example in winter in the Arctic.
But in order to make it easier to navigate, God created the luminaries on the fourth day.
The Lord existed BEFORE the act of creation, the creation of the Earth.
Both time and space were different, if they were. God is OUTSIDE of Earth's time. And it is incorrect to apply earthly, human measures, concepts and definitions in this case.
Matter was created from the light energy of the Glory of God. Before the creation of the luminaries, the Creator ruled day and night (24 hours), and the light in the universe was the Glory of God.
Time is a quantity for our material universe. In the Spiritual world, there is no time and no matter. A year or a century, just for us. The spiritual world, God, is eternal.
A day is simply a certain period or stage from the beginning of creation to its completion. As written: With God, one day is like a thousand. And a thousand as one.
Earth is Matter in the understanding of the ancients. The sky is space. And God created matter and space. This is the way to understand ancient Scripture
“In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth.”
Genesis 1 Chapter-The Bible: https://bible.by/syn/1/1/
That is, the creation of stars, planets, and other cosmic objects is described in the first verse. And from verse 16, some details are added.
The Bible is the Word of God, and it explains itself. The answer is consistent with science. This apparent contradiction is explained as follows:
“In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth.”
The “sky”, the material universe, our galaxy with our solar system, including the luminaries Sun and Moon, were created long before the beginning of the first creative day where Genesis 1: 3 says:
“And God said, Let there be light. And there was light.” (Gen. 1: 3)
Just the light of these luminaries for some time did not reach the surface of the Earth. Why? Genesis 1: 2 goes on to say:
“But the earth was formless and empty, and there was darkness over the bottomless pit…” (Gen 1: 2).
Darkness over the abyss, (over the ocean), due to steam and volcanic emissions, in the atmosphere, scattered light barely began to penetrate the clouds to the ground. As the darkness dissipated, the Earth's rotation began to change from day to night
“And God saw the light that it was good, and God separated the light from the darkness. And God called the light day, and the darkness night. And there was evening and there was morning, one day” (Gen 1: 4,5)
The light sources were still invisible from the ground. However, as the activity of volcanic processes subsided, during the fourth creative period, there was a noticeable change: the Sun, Moon and stars began to “shine on the earth”
“And God made two great lights: the greater light to rule the day, and the lesser light to rule the night, and the stars” (Gen 1:16).
God “created” them in the sense that they were now visible from the earth.
“and God set them in the firmament of heaven to give light on the earth” (Gen 1: 17).
Three possible explanations:
1) The definition of a day at the period of time is different. Somewhere later in the Bible it says “one day is like a thousand years”.
2) Creator of the universe (God) is out of human dimensions. We as human beings live in a 3 dimensional world. God is out of place and time; one it says a day even if we cannot sense it is a day (because of no sun) it's still a day to God. Think of it as cloudy day or living in North Pole where sun shines only half a year.
3) This story could be just symbolic; each different day reflects completion of one task; a lesson to human beings on how life routine should be like (work six days a week with predefined goals/targets) and rest on the 7th day.
In Hebrew, the word that means “day” also means simply a period of time. Most likely, this is what is meant. Infa from Orthodox people.
What's the point of even thinking about it? After all, we have passed from the tribe to society, as well as from the fearful justification of natural phenomena to their study and research, which develops us and gives us the opportunity?!
Well, at least now communicate on the Internet, and not stupidly pray in a church or in a pagan clearing.
Explaining and interpreting astronomical or physical laws with the help of the book of Genesis is the same as studying chemistry from Mendeleev's biography. The Jews came from Egypt, where people worshipped all the surrounding nature, from the sun to crocodiles. It was necessary to explain to them that the Sun and Moon are not gods but simply “luminaries” and that all the surrounding nature is given to people for management. It is not necessary to assume that believers are just blind fanatics, because Bible studies is a real (and quite interesting) science that examines texts.
People at that time were too stupid to go into these details, the fairy tale that was presented to them. It is scary that after 2000 years, the logical thinking of many people adheres to the thoughts of their parents verbatim,
in generations
At the time of writing this part of the Bible, people did not know the concepts that determine the chronology of complex processes of being that go beyond the time frame of human life. Therefore, the term “day” (or whatever it meant in ancient Aramaic) was used, and not “the stage of formation of the solar system” and others.